who discovered south pole

The South Pole is at an altitude of 9,300 feet (2,800 m) but feels like 11,000 feet (3,400 m). The North Pole is discovered, and Robert F. Scott announces his South Pole expedition on the Terra Nova. [32] The North Pole is a few feet from sea level in the middle of an ocean. In , British explorer Robert Falcon Scott and Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen went head to head to be the first to reach the South Pole. She made the journey in 39 days 9hrs 33mins. He not only discovered new coasts but he was also the first to use radio. Much of the sunlight that does reach the surface is reflected by the white snow. Unlike the South Pole, the North Pole is located in the middle of an ocean (the Arctic Ocean, also known as Polynia or the Open Polar Sea) whose waters are almost permanently covered with constantly shifting sea ice. Polestar, also spelled pole star, also called (Northern Hemisphere) North Star, the brightest star that appears nearest to either celestial pole at any particular time. The Mid to Late 1800s. Unlike the South Pole, the North Pole is located in the middle of an ocean (the Arctic Ocean, also known as Polynia or the Open Polar Sea) whose waters are almost permanently covered with constantly shifting sea ice. The first group of women to reach the pole were Pam Young, Jean Pearson, Lois Jones, Eileen McSaveney, Kay Lindsay and Terry Tickhill in 1969. 1911: On December 14, Norwegian Roald Amundsen and four team members reach the South Pole. The first fully verified visit to the North Pole was by explorer Roald Amundsen and Umberto Nobile who flew over the pole in an airship named the Norge in 1926. Some claim that it was John Davis of America who first landed on the South Pole but the claim is doubted by many historians. It was discovered on December 14, 1911 by Roald Amundsen (1872-1928), who led an expedition of four men, four sleds and fifty-two sled dogs, who all returned safely from their explorations. The holes were discovered during an annual flyover and became a large question mark, leading scientists to draw the conclusion that rapidly-melting ice caps contribute to these odd holes. Children will learn about the 20th-century expeditions to the South Pole made by Scott and Shackleton. March 7, 1912: Roald Amundsen reports by telegram that is expedition successfully reached the South Pole in December 1911. Yet even at the time his claim was disputed. Polestar, also spelled pole star, also called (Northern Hemisphere) North Star, the brightest star that appears nearest to either celestial pole at any particular time. Another interesting fact about the South Pole is that prior to 1821, no one stayed for extended periods. [29], During the southern winter (March–September), the South Pole receives no sunlight at all, and from 11 May to 1 August, between extended periods of twilight, it is completely dark (apart from moonlight). They left for the South Pole on November 1, 1911. In January 1909, Australian Douglas Mawson reached the South Magnetic Pole. It was 60 miles (97km) closer to the South Pole than Scott’s, so they already had an advantage. He also saw over a hundred types of fish swimming there. Norwegian Roald Amundsen becomes the first explorer to reach the South Pole, beating his British rival, Robert Falcon Scott. [25][26][27], On 28 December 2018, the first Briton unassisted journey to cross the Antarctic via the south pole was performed by Captain Lou Rudd who became the second person to make the journey in 56 days. 13 South Pole: Frozen Waves Are A Nod To The Insane Temperature Drops He not only discovered new coasts but he was also the first to use radio. The first humans to reach the Geographic South Pole were Norwegian Roald Amundsen and his party on December 14, 1911. It isn’t as cold as the South Pole. February 13, 1913 Scott and four other men reached the South Pole on 17 January 1912, thirty-four days after Amundsen. Both claimed to be first to reach the North Pole on foot. American naval officer Charles Wilkes claimed (correctly) that Antarctica was a new continent, basing the claim on his exploration in 1839–40,[13] while James Clark Ross, in his expedition of 1839–1843, hoped that he might be able to sail all the way to the South Pole. 1519: In September, Ferdinand Magellan sails from Spain in search of a westerly route to the Indies. The Germans did make their mark in the South Pole. In midsummer, as the sun reaches its maximum elevation of about 23.5 degrees, high temperatures at the South Pole in January average at −25.9 Â°C (−15 Â°F). The Discovery of the South Pole Overview. The lowest temperature ever recorded, -128.6°F ( … It was an expedition … In the early 1900s, numerous expeditions to the South Pole continued. Magnetic north is located hundred of miles south of the geographic North Pole lies the magnetic North Pole at approximately 82.7° North and 114.4° West (2005), northwest of Canada's Sverdrup Island. The South Pole is the southernmost point of the Earth’s surface. There is very little precipitation. 2 No animals have been discovered at the exact South Pole as it has only been visited a few times. On December 14, 1911, Norwegian-born Road Amundsen became the first explorer to reach the South Pole. Norwegian Roald Amundsen becomes the first explorer to reach the South Pole, beating his British rival, Robert Falcon Scott. On January 18, 1812, Mawson made his way back. These are particles that can be created in the most explosions in the universe. [23], The fastest solo (female), unsupported and unassisted trek to the south pole was performed by Hannah McKeand from the UK in 2006. From the South Pole, all directions are north. Roald AMUNDSEN, who discovered the SOUTH pole on December 16 inspecting a snowy area near a glacier a few days later. It was first discovered by American explorer Robert Edwin Peary on April 6th, 1906. Robert Falcon Scott, the Brit, and Roald Amundsen, from Norway, sailed their ships Terra Nova and Fram in an effort to be the first to the South Pole. This lack of warmth from the sun, combined with the high altitude (about 2,800 metres (9,200 ft)), means that the South Pole has one of the coldest climates on Earth (though it is not quite the coldest; that record goes to the region in the vicinity of the Vostok Station, also in Antarctica, which lies at a higher elevation).[30]. The Early 1900s and Robert Peary Several facts about the North Pole’s climate have been discovered. ... Remains of a 90-million-year-old rainforest discovered beneath Antarctic ice, study says. As the six-month "day" wears on and the sun gets lower, temperatures drop as well: they reach −45 Â°C (−49 Â°F) around sunset (late March) and sunrise (late September). As Gamme traveled alone he thus simultaneously became the first to complete the task solo. On the return trip, Scott and his four companions all died of starvation and extreme cold. Join now. Early attempts to reach the North Pole in the 19th century all failed. Amundsen might have been the first man to reach the South Pole, in 1911, but the discovery of the Antarctic continent occurred several generations earlier. It sits atop a featureless, barren, windswept and icy plateau at an altitude of 2,835 m (9,301 ft) above sea level, and is located about 1,300 km (810 mi) from the nearest open sea at the Bay of Whales. (He was unsuccessful. Who discovered South Pole? US Admiral Richard Evelyn Byrd, with the assistance of his first pilot Bernt Balchen, became the first person to fly over the South Pole on 29 November 1929. Amundsen Becomes First to Reach South Pole, December 14, 1911 Under the command of Roald Amundsen, the South Pole was discovered 100 years ago … However, it is always low in the sky, reaching a maximum of 23.5° in December, thanks to the 23.5° tilt of the earth's axis. On December 14, 1911, Roald Amundsen and his team made it to the South Pole. The reason for the contradictory reports is due to the numerous explorations that took place, almost at the same time. The first landing was probably just over a year later when American captain John Davis, a sealer, set foot on the ice. It is the southernmost point on the surface of Earth and lies on the opposite side of Earth from the North Pole. The only time it gets sunlight is from September to March. On this day in 1820, humanity discovered the last undiscovered continent on our planet. The holes were discovered during an annual flyover and became a large question mark, leading scientists to draw the conclusion that rapidly-melting ice caps contribute to these odd holes. Situated on the continent of Antarctica, it is the site of the United States Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, which was established in 1956 and has been permanently staffed since that year. For most purposes, the Geographic South Pole is defined as the southern point of the two points where Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface (the other being the Geographic North Pole). By Robert Matthews. It is not named for Shackelton. [10], In 1820, several expeditions claimed to have been the first to have sighted Antarctica, with the first[clarification needed] being the Russian expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev. 1. Magnetic north is located hundred of miles south of the geographic North Pole lies the magnetic North Pole at approximately 82.7° North and 114.4° West (2005), northwest of Canada's Sverdrup Island. [38] The former dome seen in pictures of the Amundsen–Scott station is partially buried due to snow storms, and the entrance to the dome had to be regularly bulldozed to uncover it. Antarctica - Antarctica - History: Many nations were involved in the discovery and early exploration of Antarctica. [9], A flagpole erected at the South Geographical Pole in December 1965 by the First Argentine Overland Polar Expedition has been designated a Historic Site or Monument (HSM 1) following a proposal by Argentina to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting. [5][6] A new marker stake is designed and fabricated each year by staff at the site. Their expeditions took place throughout the year 1911 and early 1912. The South Pole has an ice cap climate (Köppen climate classification EF). The temperatures are about 32 F, or the freezing point. North Pole the northernmost point on earth located diametrically opposite to the South Pole. These are particles that can be created in the most explosions in the universe. There is actually a lot of controversy around who was the first explorer to visit the North Pole. The newly discovered Antarctica Pyramid. North Pole the northernmost point on earth located diametrically opposite to the South Pole. At the South Pole, all directions face north. It has an altitude of 9,186 ft. [24], In the 2011/12 summer, separate expeditions by Norwegian Aleksander Gamme and Australians James Castrission and Justin Jones jointly claimed the first unsupported trek without dogs or kites from the Antarctic coast to the South Pole and back. She started on 19 November 2006 and finished on 28 December 2006. Antarctica and the South Pole has moved a bit over the last 90 million years, but tectonic shifts don't account for the emergence and disappearance of the ancient Antarctic forest. There is no a priori reason for placing the South Pole in any particular time zone, but as a matter of practical convenience the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station keeps New Zealand Time (UTC+12/UTC+13). Who discovered the Magnetic North Pole? [19][20] Two women, Victoria E. Murden and Shirley Metz reached the pole by land on 17 January 1989. Finding the North Pole is tricky. In the early 1900s, numerous expeditions to the South Pole continued. By this time the existence of Antarctica was confirmed by numerous sailing expeditions by the American, British and French. For other uses, see, Southern point where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface, First Argentine Overland Polar Expedition, "Sign at the (ever moving) actual geographical South Pole (a few feet away from the Ceremonial Pole)", "List of Historic Sites and Monuments approved by the ATCM (2012)", "Südtirol â€“ Diese Seite existiert nicht", "Breaking news: Christian Eide bags the South Pole solo speed ski world record", "Canadians break speed record trekking to South Pole", "Capt Lou Rudd is first Briton to cross Antarctic unaided", "Woman is youngest to ski solo to South Pole", "The USAP Portal: Science and Support in Antarctica - Course Material", "Why is the South Pole colder than the North Pole? The North Pole is discovered, and Robert F. Scott announces his South Pole expedition on the Terra Nova. The Geographic South Pole is marked by a stake in the ice alongside a small sign; these are repositioned each year in a ceremony on New Year's Day to compensate for the movement of the ice. It has been designated a Historic Site or Monument (HSM 80), following a proposal by Norway to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting. ", "Preliminary Report: Record Temperatures at South Pole (and nearby AWS sites…)", Your stay at Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, "NASA-USGS Landsat 8 Satellite Pinpoints Coldest Spots on Earth", Initial environmental evaluation â€“ development of blue-ice and compacted-snow runways, "Weather and Climate-The Climate of Amundsen–Scott", "Klimatafel von Amundsen - Scott / Südpol-Station (USA) / Antarktis", "Amundsen–Scott Climate Normals 1961−1990", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, "There used to be fluffy dinosaurs at the South Pole", Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=South_Pole&oldid=998233348, Historic Sites and Monuments of Antarctica, Articles with dead external links from May 2013, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from September 2016, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net (temperatures, 1981–2010, extremes 1957–present), Listen to Ernest Shackleton describing his 1908, The recording describing Shackleton's 1908 South Pole Expedition was added to the, This page was last edited on 4 January 2021, at 12:11. Its latitude is 90 degrees south, and all lines of longitude meet there (as well as at the North Pole, on the opposite end of the Earth). The lowest temperature ever recorded, … Ask your question. This has been known to cause snowfalls, reaching up to 20 cm a year. It is currently buried beneath the snow and ice in the vicinity of the Pole. They left for the South Pole on November 1, 1911. Cape Evans. After the magnetic south was discovered, the competition really got intense. Therefore, the position of the station and other artificial features relative to the geographic pole gradually shift over time. What were the Russians doing near the Earth’s South Pole at the time? [43] Scientists published in the journal Gondwana Research that evidence had been found of dinosaurs with feathers to protect the animals from the extreme cold. It is the precise point of the southern intersection of the Earth's axis and the Earth's surface. The Last Place on Earth: Scott and Amundsens Race to the South Pole by Roland Huntford. Some of the facts about the South Pole can be hard to verify because of conflicting claims. For many years that accolade went to the US explorer Robert Peary, who claimed to have reached the North Pole on 6 April 1909. Source(s): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_pole 4 0 It is also known as Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole. It is a point in the Northern hemisphere where the earth’s axis of rotation meets its surface. At the age of 20, he played a major role as captain and part-owner of the HERO on the Fanning-Pendleton Sealing Expedition. In 1895 Norwegian explorers Fridtjof Nansen and Fredrik Hjalmar Johansen got to 86 degrees 14’ North prior to being forced back. It is the precise point of the southern intersection of the Earth's axis and the Earth's surface. The South Pole is at the centre of the Southern Hemisphere. Antarctica. Then, a few years later, they began to have doubts. Amundsen and his men actually GAINED weight on the way back from the pole! It should be noted that Davis’ landing is not accepted by all historians. The following season, as commander of the JAMES MONROE, he and British sealer George Powell together discovered the South Orkney Islands. Cape Evans. This changed in the winter of 1821 when 11 British men aboard the British ship Lord Melville stayed there for a winter season. [17] In 1978-79 Michele Eileen Raney became the first woman to winter at the South Pole.[18]. Click here 👆 to get an answer to your question ️ Who discovered the south pole ? Amundsen named his camp Polheim and the entire plateau surrounding the Pole King Haakon VII Vidde in honour of King Haakon VII of Norway. It is in Antarctica, at an elevation of 9300 feet, surrounded by miles and miles of icy terrain. In January 1909, Australian Douglas Mawson reached the South Magnetic Pole. It is a point in the Northern hemisphere where the earth’s axis of rotation meets its surface. Antarctica. Amundsen, born in … Who Discovered the South Pole? Log in. The facts about the South Pole show that James Cook was the first to circumnavigate Antarctica. More recent buildings are raised on stilts so that the snow does not build up against their sides. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E / -90; 0. ... Remains of a 90-million-year-old rainforest discovered beneath Antarctic ice, study says. The race to the South Pole was one of the greatest international races prior to the race to the moon and was full of tragedy and triumph. However, Earth's axis of rotation is actually subject to very small "wobbles" (polar motion), so this definition is not adequate for very precise work. The facts about the South Pole show that James Cook was the first to circumnavigate Antarctica. On December 15, 1911 the South Pole was discovered by Roald Amundsen, "the last of the Vikings." On 9 January 1909, with three companions, he reached 88°23' S â€“ 112 miles (180 km) from the Pole â€“ before being forced to turn back.[16]. 1. The overland journey was never made. The polar ice sheet is moving at a rate of roughly 10 m (33 ft) per year in a direction between 37° and 40° west of grid north,[3] down towards the Weddell Sea. Antarctica - Antarctica - History: Many nations were involved in the discovery and early exploration of Antarctica. It was first discovered by American explorer Robert Edwin Peary on April 6th, 1906. When a longitude is desired, it may be given as 0°. This may sound pretty cold, but is actually quite a bit warmer than the average temperatures in the South Pole. The American base right at the pole is called the "AMUNDSEN-SCOTT South Pole Station". [7], The tent was erected by the Norwegian expedition led by Roald Amundsen on its arrival on 14 December 1911. The highest temperature ever recorded at the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station was −12.3 Â°C (9.9 Â°F) on Christmas Day, 2011,[33] and the lowest was −82.8 Â°C (−117.0 Â°F) on 23 June 1982[34][35][36] (for comparison, the lowest temperature directly recorded anywhere on earth was −89.2 Â°C (−128.6 Â°F) at Vostok Station on 21 July 1983, though −93.2 Â°C (−135.8 Â°F) was measured indirectly by satellite in East Antarctica between Dome A and Dome F in August 2010[37]). April 1912-February 1913: Reports indicate that Scott did not reach the Pole before Amundsen. The fossils had been found over 100 years ago in Koonwarra, Australia, but in sediment which had accumulated under a lake which had been near to the South Pole millions of years ago. This will undoubtedly provide more facts about the South Pole. The newly discovered Antarctica Pyramid. [21], The fastest unsupported journey to the Geographic South Pole from the ocean is 24 days and one hour from Hercules Inlet and was set in 2011 by Norwegian adventurer Christian Eide,[22] who beat the previous solo record set in 2009 by American Todd Carmichael of 39 days and seven hours, and the previous group record also set in 2009 of 33 days and 23 hours. From the South Pole, all directions are north. It is also known as Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole. [2], After Amundsen and Scott, the next people to reach the South Pole overland (albeit with some air support) were Edmund Hillary (4 January 1958) and Vivian Fuchs (19 January 1958) and their respective parties, during the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition. In 1899, Captain Borchgrevink made it to Cape Adare and set up an establishment there. It is located some meters from the Geographic South Pole, and consists of a metallic sphere on a short barber pole, surrounded by the flags of the original Antarctic Treaty signatory states. However, high winds can cause the blowing of snowfall, and the accumulation of snow amounts to about 7 cm (2.8 in) per year. The first men to reach the Geographic South Pole were the Norwegian Roald Amundsen and his party on 14 December 1911. The Germans did make their mark in the South Pole. admin2 April 21, 2011 Comments Off on Who discovered South Pole? Roald Amundsen - Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, South Pole, - of reaching the pole, rather than any other exploration or scientific discovery. For this reason, directions at the Pole are given relative to "grid north", which points northward along the prime meridian. The Geographic South Pole is distinct from the South Magnetic Pole, the position of which is defined based on Earth's magnetic field. This pack includes some great resources to help you teach KS1 children about the first Antarctic explorers and the race to the South Pole.The PowerPoint contains age-appropriate language, supported by pictures. [31] Centrifugal force from the spin of the planet pulls the atmosphere toward the equator. Robert Falcon Scott, the Brit, and Roald Amundsen, from Norway, sailed their ships Terra Nova and Fram in an effort to be the first to the South Pole. Who discovered south pole Ask for details ; Follow Report by Sr1098090 21.12.2019 Log in to add a comment Who discovered the Magnetic North Pole? Some claim American John Davis was the first to land on continental Antarctica on February 7, 1821. During the winter (January) the temperature reaches -45 F to -15 F. Summer takes place from June to August. February 13, 1913 And here was the American explorer Robert E. Peary sending word from Indian Harbour, Labrador, that he had reached the pole in April 1909, one hundred years ago this … Robert Falcon Scott returned to Antarctica with his second expedition, the Terra Nova Expedition, initially unaware of Amundsen's secretive expedition. The location of the South Magnetic Pole is currently off the coast of Antarctica and even outside the Antarctic Circle. Early attempts to reach the North Pole in the 19th century all failed. These neutrinos have energies on the absurdly high scale of Peta-electron volts - roughly the … On December 14, 1911, Roald Amundsen and his team made it to the South Pole. The US erected the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station as the first permanent structure directly over the South Pole in January 1957. The South Pole is the southernmost point on the Earth. The Geographic South Pole is marked by a stake in the ice alongside a small sign; these are repositioned each year in a ceremony on New Year's Day to compensate for the movement of the ice. On This Day in History: The South Pole was Discovered Today marks the anniversary of Roald Amundsen’s journey to the South Pole. In 1909 a bitter controversy involved two American explorers, Frederick A. Cook and Robert E. Peary. Air humidity is near zero. [12], The basic geography of the Antarctic coastline was not understood until the mid-to-late 19th century. [8] The precise location of the tent is unknown, but based on calculations of the rate of movement of the ice and the accumulation of snow, it is believed, as of 2010, to lie between 1.8 and 2.5 km (1.1 and 1.5 miles) from the Pole at a depth of 17 m (56 ft) below the present surface. On January 18, 1812, Mawson made his way back. [28] On 10 January 2020, Mollie Hughes became the youngest person to ski to the pole, aged 29. [11] The first landing was probably just over a year later when American captain John Davis, a sealer, set foot on the ice. Some claim that it was John Davis of America who first landed on the South Pole but the claim is doubted by many historians. Dr Frederick Cook, a rival American explorer, insisted he had reached the pole almost a year earlier. The summer temperature is -12 F. After six months it goes down to -49 F. During the wintertime it goes down to -85 F. The highest temperature reached was 7.5 F. There is very little humidity in the air. In 1820, several expeditions claimed to have been the first to have sighted Antarctica, with the first being the Russian expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev. The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. A member of Robert Falcon Scott's Terra Nova expedition to the South Pole stands on a water-worn iceberg near Mt. March 7, 1912: Roald Amundsen reports by telegram that is expedition successfully reached the South Pole in December 1911. Successfully reached the Pole, all directions are North many nations were involved in the discovery and 1912. Rocks in the middle of an Ocean distinct from the South Pole, December 14, Roald! February 7, 1821 on its arrival on 14 December 1911 many subsequent expeditions to the Pole! 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