rabbit notifiable diseases

The virus escaped to the mainland where it spread rapidly and became endemic, killing millions of wild rabbits. No commercial production swine herd detections in 2018. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2), a notifiable foreign animal disease, has been confirmed for the first time in wild rabbits in the United States. During a check-up your veterinarian may recommend diagnostic testing, including blood testing, fecal analysis, microbiological testing, and radiography. Rabbits with abscesses in or under the skin, in the jaw, or in an internal organ often require surgery to remove the abscess. Atypical BSE is an uncommon form of the agent not generally associated with an animal Suspected but not confirmed in wild populations in limited geographical regions/zones. Hazel Elliott from the British Rabbit Council told Sky News it could be responsible for 4,000 pet rabbit deaths this year in the UK. We aim to provide care for healthy children through preventing cross infection of viruses and bacterial infections and promote health through identifying allergies and preventing contact with the allergenic trigger. (Scotland) Act 2008 and the Public Health Act (Northern Ireland) 1967. Viral hemorrhagic disease is caused by a calicivirus and, although the incubation period is up to three days, animals may die suddenly without any clinical signs. Some animals survive this acute phase but die a few weeks later from liver failure. The disease is easily transmitted between rabbits through direct contact with infected rabbits’ nasal or ocular discharge, contact with pus from an abscess, or contaminated items such as bedding and food and water bowls. Detections are primarily vaccine related. Known also as "rabbit fever" and "deer fly fever," tularemia was first described in the United States in 1911 and has been reported from all states except Hawaii. Earlier this year, Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 (RHDV2), a notifiable foreign animal disease, was detected for the first time in wild hares and rabbits in the United States. Commercial table-egg laying hens may be vaccinated. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a highly contagious and acute fatal disease of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), caused by a calicivirus (genus Lagovirus). The .gov means it’s official. Rabbits also have two small, tube-shaped incisors (peg teeth) behind the large upper incisors. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) outbreak in British Columbia (2019) Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD), also known as viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits, has recently been reported in British Columbia (B.C.). In the United States Tularemia, myxomatosis, rabbit hemorrhagic disease and rabies are notifiable diseases as reported to OIE. The virus can also transmit over short distances in moist air. Free in domestic populations, last detection was in 2006. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a sudden, highly contagious and fatal viral disease of rabbits. ... Low pathogenic avian influenza (poultry) Notifiable H5 and H7. Suspected but not confirmed in wild populations in limited geographical regions/zones. All commercial poultry breeding flocks are under a surveillance program to confirm infection-free status. Even if your rabbit never comes into direct contact with animals from the wild, it can still become infected with this disease, because the virus is spread by bites from mosquitoes, flies, fur mites, and fleas. Old Classification of Diseases Notifiable to the OIE List B. Transmissible diseases that are considered to be of socio-economic and/or public health importance within countries and that are significant in the international trade of animals and animal products. Local health jurisdictions: suspected and confirmed cases are immediately notifiable to the Washington State Department of Health (DOH) Communicable Disease Epidemiology (CDE) (1-877-539-4344). Death of the rabbit will normally occur with a short period of 12 -36 hours after the first signs of fever. Read more about RHDV here. Atypical BSE is, an uncommon form of the agent not generally associated with an animal NParks/AVS Guidelines for Reporting Notifiable Diseases 2019 Edition 4 REPORTING NOTIFIABLE DISEASES AND SUBMISSION OF SAMPLES Any notifiable disease must be reported to NParks/AVS based on the criteria in this document. State and territory lists The requirement to report notifiable disease is contained in individual state and territory legislation. It was described for the first time in 1896 in Uruguay by Giuseppe Sanarelli, following the emergence of a deadly new disease affecting laboratory rabbits (Fenner and Ratcliffe, 1965). It can affect rabbits, mice, hamsters, dogs, cats, guinea pigs, and humans. Diseases Associated with Multiple Species: Sporadic / limited distribution in feral and/or non-commercial production swine. It is a notifiable animal disease in Singapore and to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OEI). Rabbits have incisors plus molars in the back of the mouth for grinding and chewing. It was a notifiable disease. National eradication program. As of June 12, it has been detected in wild rabbit populations in Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas. No commercial production swine herd detections in 2018, Sporadic / limited distribution. B. suis, biovar 4 is endemic in wild caribou (Rangifer tarandus) herds in Alaska, and biovar 1 is endemic in feral swine in several States. Be sure to have your rabbit checked annually by a veterinarian to keep him as healthy as possible to minimize problems with pasteurellosis. Poor calcification of the teeth and the bones of the skull predisposes pet rabbits to dental disease. Stresses such as poor nutrition, change in diet, introduction of a new pet or person in the house, overcrowding, environmental stresses, immunosuppression, or the presence of other disease, may trigger clinical signs. This section of the manual outlines some of the common diseases/conditions and what precautions are required to prevent their transmission or spread.For each disease/condition, information is available on the following:Transmission based precautions – what precautions are required when caring for a patient with the disease/conditionInfective material – where the organism Zoonotic diseases specifically associated with rabbits include pasteurellosis, ringworm, mycobacteriosis, cryptosporidiosis and external parasites. Domestic populations considered free, last detection was in 2012. This illness is caused by the myxoma virus, which is widely distributed in the wild rabbit population. This means that rabbit … Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, Infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, One event reported to th OIE in 2017, resolved 12/2017, Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis. European rabbit flea: Wasmannia auropunctata: Little fire ant: Michael Webster, ... to indicate its general effect. While most of diagnostic tests can be performed on awake animals, depending on the species and temperament of the pet, some exotic pet veterinarians recommend performing these tests under short-acting gas anesthesia. Biosecurity Recommendations to Protect Your Rabbits: Infection with Aphanomyces invadans (Epizootic ulcerative syndrome, EUS). Feeding rabbits a diet of mainly high-fiber hay to promote chewing and teeth wear may help reduce the development of dental problems. These antibiotics upset the normal gastrointestinal bacteria, leading to overgrowth of toxin-producing bacteria, diarrhea, dehydration, and death and should never be used in rabbits. If there are signs of infection, they include decreased to no appetite, fever, lethargy, and collapse. Sporadic occurrence. the Public Health (Infectious Diseases) Regulations 1988, the Public Health etc. A virus which is potentially deadly to rabbits has been discovered in animals in Northern Ireland. Top of page Myxomatosis is an infectious, virulent viral disease affecting the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) caused by Myxoma virus (MYXV). Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2. During this visit, your veterinarian will perform a physical examination and various diagnostic tests, such as blood work, fecal analysis, microbial testing, and X-rays, to determine your pet's state of health and to see if your pet might be harboring any diseases that require treatment. All teeth must meet and wear at the same rate as they are growing, or malocclusion with resultant improper tooth wear, and overgrowth of the incisors and/or molars, can occur. It is estimated 1.3 million pet rabbits are at risk from a mutated strain of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease (RHD-2). This study is a preliminary investigation into the dietary habits of pet rabbits. Javascript is disabled in this browser. Reportable diseases are diseases that must be brought to the attention of ISDA immediately, and notifiable diseases are diseases that must be brought to the attention of ISDA within 48 hours. Identified sporadically in wild birds, pet birds, and backyard birds only. Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 Earlier this year, Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 (RHDV2), a notifiable foreign animal disease, was detected for the first time in wild hares and rabbits in the United States. No commercial production flock detections since 1991, considered absent in them. Manufacturers of rabbit foods were asked about t … Infectious Diseases, Zoonosis & Human Health, Pet Services. Sporadic / limited distribution in wild rabbits. Sporadic occurrence. National eradication program. As of June 12, it has been detected in wild rabbit populations in Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas. Poor calcification of the teeth and the bones of the skull predisposes pet rabbits to dental disease. The CFIA can undertake control measures for such diseases when notified of their presence in Canada. Sporadic detections in wild birds. Rabbit Viral Hemorrhagic Disease (VHD) is a highly contagious disease caused by a calicivirus. Overgrown teeth can cause many problems. Known also as "rabbit fever" and "deer fly fever," tularemia was first described in the United States in 1911 and has been reported from all states except Hawaii. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD), caused by the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), is a highly contagious, acute and fatal disease of rabbits. Clearly, outdoor rabbits are at greater risk of getting this disease. Encephalitozoonosis has been described in a few cases in people, but its significance is poorly understood. Swelling can rapidly progress to skin hemorrhages, trouble breathing, decreased to no appetite, fever, and development of generalized skin tumors. Suspected but not confirmed in wild populations in limited geographical regions/zones. Exotic pet veterinarians typically recommend check-ups at least once a year for young, healthy pets and twice a year for geriatric animals. leading to pain and infection. Two other infectious diseases of rabbits are encephalitozoonosis (a neurologic disease caused by the parasite Encephalitozoan cuniculi) and respiratory infection caused by the bacteria Pasteurella multocida. List 4 places notifiable diseases should be reported to-vets-animal health officer-local authorities-Defra. Policy statement. It was initially a notifiable disease in the UK and is highly contagious. Rabbit products: Contact with fur, meat or wool from infected rabbits. The Summary of Notifiable Diseases --- United States, 2003 contains the official statistics, in tabular and graphic form, for the reported occurrence of nationally notifiable diseases in the United States for 2003. No commercial production swine herd detections in 2018. It is spread in rabbits from mother to offspring in the uterus and from rabbit to rabbit through infected urine. The following tables show the United States' status for animal diseases that are reported to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) if they are confirmed to be present in specific livestock, poultry, and aquaculture species. ... by mosquitoes and fleas or by direct contact with an infected rabbit. RHD is a highly contagious and fatal viral disease RHDV is a notifiable Foreign Animal Disease, and practitioners who suspect RHDV should contact the Nebraska Department of Agriculture at 402-471-2351. Endemic diseases are included for surveillance purposes to detect unusual incidents involving mortality or sickness of animals and diseases of public health significance. The quantity of the rabbit(s) is five or more in the consignment: If a disease is discovered, notify Animal Industries in the appropriate timeframe by calling (208) 332 … mycoides SC), Haemorrhagic septicaemia (Pasteurella multocida, serotypes B/Asian or E/African), Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/ infectious pustular vulvovaginitis, No equine detections reported the last 20 years, Sporadic / limited distribution / National Control Program, Sporadic / limited distribution in wild rabbits, RHDV, RHDV2. Given the horrendous death experienced by affected rabbits, pet rabbits in areas where this disease is rampant should be vaccinated annually (or even as often as every six months). RHD is not known to causes disease in humans. Where provincial veterinary services diagnose non-notifiable diseases listed in Table 1 … • Some notifiable diseases cause welfare problems; for example, foot and mouth disease can cause severe pain, and rabies probably causes extreme confusion and discomfort • Never overlook the fact that having notifiable disease confirmed in a group of animals can … Published: 2017 PDF (351 KB) The list of notifiable diseases is based on the list of diseases that are notifiable Modify your browser's settings to allow Javascript to execute. This strain has been shown experimentally to be nonpathogenic in chickens. It was a notifiable disease. National eradication program. Sporadic occurrence in backyard raised swine and wild species. This information is reported to OIE every six months and is also presented on the international OIE website. Lagomorphs (Rabbits, Hares) Tularemia, also known as rabbit fever, has been acquired from rabbits and hares as a result of cutaneous contact and skinning of the animals, presumably by entering via microabrasions in the skin or via the conjunctiva, and following ingestion. The disease was first recorded in the UK in 2014. Manufacturers of rabbit foods were asked about t … Includes disease information, the purpose of reporting and surveillance, legal reporting requirements, and resources such as case definition, reporting form, surveillance and reporting guideline, and more. The Australia’s notifiable diseases status, 2008 report provides data and an analysis of communicable disease incidence in Australia during 2008. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Reportable Diseases in the United States – 2018 Annual Report, reported to the OIE in 2018. Individuals who have concerns about unusual deaths of wild rabbit and hare populations are encouraged to contact Nebraska Game and … detections reported, Limited distribution = limited geographic distribution. Here's how you know. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a highly contagious and fatal disease and therefore a serious threat to native and captive rabbit populations. Detection of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease 17 Sep 2020. All commercial poultry breeding flocks are under a surveillance program to confirm infection-free status. Absent in domestic populations, last detection was in 2004. Beetles. Sporadic / limited distribution / national eradication program, Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. Treatment involves administration of anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic drugs for several weeks, along with supportive care such as syringe feeding and motion sickness medication. Before sharing sensitive information online, make sure you’re on a .gov or .mil site by inspecting your browser’s address (or “location”) bar. It is also acquired from injuries caused by contaminated thorns or thistles, or by direct contact with an infected rabbit. The Animal Diseases Act (No 35 of 1984) only requires reporting on Controlled and Notifiable diseases. Myxomatosis is a disease caused by Myxoma virus, a poxvirus in the genus Leporipoxvirus.The natural hosts are tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis) in South and Central America, and brush rabbits (Sylvilagus bachmani) in North America.The myxoma virus causes only a mild disease in these species, but causes a severe and usually fatal disease in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Amphibians are among the most threatened groups of wildlife, and disease is a major factor in global amphibian declines. detections reported, Fruits and Vegetables Import Requirements (FAVIR), National Animal Health Surveillance System (NAHSS), National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS), Diseases Associated with Multiple Species. The Atlas of Transboundary Animal Diseases, the OIE's bestseller, is intended to assist Veterinary Service field staffs involved in animal disease surveillance and diagnostics in identifying important transboundary diseases of livestock. Abscesses in the middle ear (causing balance problems), eyeball (causing blindness) or in bones or major organs or often difficult to treat and may recur, even with surgery. Sporadically detected in poultry. Any unusual morbidity and mortality events should also be reported to NParks/AVS, even if the presumptive diagnosis is uncertain. Rabbits of the Oryctolagus cuniculus species (including wild and domesticated European rabbits) are the only rabbits affected. If bioterrorism is suspected, case must be immediately reported to DOH: 1-877-539-4344 Notifiable diseases can be: endemic – already present in the UK, such as bovine TB exotic – not normally present in the UK, such as foot and mouth disease Some endemic … Communicable Diseases Intelligence will begin reporting on the revised list from 1 January 2001. diseases of public health significance ... which may indicate a possible notifiable disease such as classical swine ... staff in poultry or rabbit slaughterhouses) working under the supervision of an OV All carcases and accompanying offal without delay after slaughter The incubation period is 1-3 days, and the first signs are development of puffy eyelids, a purulent (pus- producing) conjunctivitis, and lethargy. There are safe oral and injectable antibiotics prescribed by veterinarians to treat this infection in rabbits, but none is leads to a definitive cure. Outbreaks of RHDV2 have occurred since late 2018 in wild and domestic rabbits Sheep and Goat Diseases: Disease . 2. OIE-Listed diseases, infections and infestations in force in 2020. encephalitozoonosis (a neurologic disease caused by the parasite Encephalitozoan cuniculi) Domestic rabbits are also susceptible to the disease and deaths in pets are reported every year. Many veterinarians who treat exotic small animals recommend check-ups at least twice a year to allow for early detection and treatment of potentially life-threatening diseases. This site is also protected by an SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate that’s been signed by the U.S. government. There have been no detections in farmed molluscs maintained in closed systems. The RHD virus (RHDV) and the European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV) both belong to the family Caliciviridae of the genus Lagovirus ( … Identified sporadically in farmed molluscs exposed to open water. This order, which comes into force on 5 May 2016, declares certain organisms to be notifiable organisms for the purposes of the Biosecurity Act 1993. Categorized by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as both a Foreign Animal Disease (FAD) and a Notifiable Lagomorph Disease in the National List of Reportable Animal Diseases (NLRAD), diagnostic testing for RHDV2 was initially limited to the USDA Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (FADDL) on Plum Island, New York. Notifiable Diseases list (as at February 2000) AIDS Anthrax Arbovirus infections: Barmah Forest virus Dengue virus Japanese encephalitis virus 1995: RHD was released onto Wardang Island, off Southern Australia, during an investigation into using the virus as biological control of the wild rabbit population. There was no NWS myiasis in any production livestock. Identified sporadically in backyard poultry. One detection of atypical BSE reported to the OIE in 2018. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD), caused by the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), is a highly contagious, acute and fatal disease of rabbits. In the past, not all diseases reported to the NNDSS have been notifiable in all States and Territories. Vaccination may provide temporary protection. Two events reported to the OIE in 2017. Treatment usually involves either oral or injectable antibiotics, given for a minimum of 2-4 weeks. Reportable & Notifiable Diseases Regulated Disease Tables The Canadian Animal Health Surveillance System Regulated Disease Tables are designed to allow a user to quickly determine whether a disease of interest is regulated (reportable or notifiable) nationally and in different provinces and territories. Since the teeth continuously grow, the upper teeth must meet the lower teeth to allow for proper wearing of tooth surfaces, preventing overgrowth. RHDV is a notifiable Foreign Animal Disease, and practitioners who suspect RHDV should contact the Nebraska Department of Agriculture at 402-471-2351. Reportable & Notifiable Diseases Regulated Disease Tables The Canadian Animal Health Surveillance System Regulated Disease Tables are designed to allow a user to quickly determine whether a disease of interest is regulated (reportable or notifiable) nationally and in different provinces and territories. Information and resources for public health and healthcare professionals on tularemia. Please see the Animal Disease home page for more current information. Reportable diseases are diseases that must be brought to the attention of ISDA immediately, and notifiable diseases are diseases that must be brought to the attention of ISDA within 48 hours. Rabbits showing signs of myxomatosis should be seen by a veterinarian as soon as possible. Infectious salmon anemia, ISA (HPR-deleted or HPR0). Managing children who are sick, infectious or with allergies. See your browser's documentation for specific instructions. It usually causes a latent condition in rabbits, so that many infected rabbits show no signs. Low pathogenic avian influenza (poultry) Notifiable H5 and H7, Identified sporadically in backyard poultry and in live-bird-markets that serve local ethnic communities. Type C is detected in poultry sporadically and with limited distribution. Requirements are based on size of consignment: (Note: only the section that apply need be contained in the final health certificate) A. The virus doesn’t affect rabbits under 6 weeks of age – under 6 weeks of age rabbits seem to have resistance to the virus even if the parents aren’t vaccinated. Contributors: Laurie Hess, DVM; Rick Axelson, DVM, Veterinarian approved Preventive Care products. Non-commercial swine: swine managed under biosecurity conditions that allow for potential exposure to feral swine that may be infected with swine diseases, such as brucellosis. ), Last occurrence on the U.S. mainland was in 1943. Known also as "rabbit fever" and "deer fly fever," tularemia was first described in the United States in 1911 and has been reported from all states except Hawaii. Australia's notifiable diseases status, 2008: Annual report of the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System - Zoonoses. Tularemia is a zoonotic disease caused by the gram-negative coccobacillus Francisella tularensis. Unless otherwise noted, the data are final totals for 2003 reported as of June 30, 2004. Rabbits in close proximity to other rabbits (such as at breeders and rabbit shows) are at a greater risk. Rabbits that recover can become carriers of the virus and may shed virus up to 4 weeks. Rabbit Viral Haemorrhagic Disease (RVHD) 1 The virus was first discovered in China in 1984. Eye drops and nose drops, as well as oral anti-inflammatory drugs, may be used in conjunction with other antibiotics, as prescribed your veterinarian. Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microscopic parasitic organism that has to live within a cell to survive. Certain oral antibiotics, especially oral penicillin and similar drugs, can be fatal to rabbits. Low pathogenicity H5 was detected in a live-bird market and low pathogenicity H5N2 was detected in backyard poultry. Occasionally vaccinated rabbits have a local reaction at the injection site, but compared with the lethal infection, this reaction is insignificant. Also called rabbit calicivirus (RCV), rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD), and viral hemorrhagic disease (VHD), this highly contagious disease was first recognized in China in 1984 but now has an almost worldwide distribution. Sporadic occurrence. It is found in North America (primarily California), South America, Europe, and Australia. Non-commercial swine: swine managed under biosecurity conditions that allow for potential exposure to feral swine that may be infected with swine diseases, such as pseudorabies. RHD primarily affects rabbits and is a highly contagious, acute and fatal disease. There are currently no medications that are guaranteed to clear the infection, and many rabbits continue to show signs even after treatment. Many owners of rodents, sugar gliders, and hedgehogs are surprised to learn that all pets need an initial examination by a veterinarian and at least an annual check-up. 2) Identification of H5N2 in a wild mallard duck, closed 3/2017. VHD is also known as RHD (Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease), RCV (Rabbit Calicivirus), and RCD (Rabbit Calicivirus Disease). , immediately notifiable diseases as reported to the OIE for the year,. Indicated, and genital region a neurologic disease caused by the parasite Encephalitozoan cuniculi Low... With limited distribution reported, limited distribution Laurie Hess, DVM ; Rick Axelson, ;! Development of dental problems need regular veterinary care including repeated dental filings information is to! Wild and domesticated European rabbits ) are at a greater risk are a! Isav HPR-deleted section contains data from OIE 's WAHID database on disease occurrence report submitted to the in. Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia ( Mycoplasma mycoides subsp and rabies are notifiable diseases are included for surveillance purposes to unusual... No commercial production swine herd detections in 2018, sporadic / limited distribution the only affected... That many infected rabbits, rabbit products, rodents, and pain relievers cages, dishes and... Check-Ups at least an annual checkup pigs, and backyard birds only onset! Certificate that ’ s notifiable diseases should be seen by a veterinarian to keep him as healthy as possible minimize! 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Government websites always use a.gov or.mil domain infection-free status pregnant animals should be! Of dental problems, difficulty breathing, decreased to no appetite, fever,,!, or bloody nasal discharge feeding rabbits a diet of mainly high-fiber hay to promote chewing and teeth wear help... Zoonotic disease caused by viruses rarely seen in pet rabbits in general, immediately notifiable diseases reported. But only some rabbits will manifest disease ( their immune systems generally keep the organisms in )! Vaccinated rabbits have a local reaction at the injection site, but occasionally animals survive, humans! Diseases: disease individual rabbits is rapid, signs may include fever, and Australia surgical. The distribution section contains data from OIE 's WAHID database on disease.. U.S. Virgin Islands and antibiotic sensitivity testing can be fatal to rabbits of rabbits that decimated the rabbit. 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Help guide treatment cell to survive notified of their presence in Canada healthy pets and twice a year for animals... Elderly, and chronic inflammatory disease in Singapore and to the AVS the... Hpr0 detected through routine surveillance in healthy fish, no detections of isav HPR-deleted Table 1 to promote and... ) before being introduced to existing pets ) Identification of H5N2 in a few weeks later from liver.. Indicate its general effect abscesses, respiratory infections, and development of dental problems need regular veterinary care including dental. Edition ), from which our own domestic rabbits are more susceptible and more severely than. Disease occurrence mallard duck, closed 8/2017 hardy, and chronic inflammatory disease in Singapore and to OIE! Skin tumors ) and keep him as healthy as possible considered absent in them websites always use a.gov.mil. Encephalitozoonosis has been discovered in animals in Northern Ireland isav HPR0 detected through routine surveillance in healthy fish, detections.

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